Prevalence of risk factor in type 2 diabetes patients in a rural and urban community in Laguna / Leilani Rubian-Coronado, Wilma A. Hurtada, Ma. Ana T. Quimbo, Angelina R. Bustos

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes risk factors in rural and an urban patients was compared and the relationship of risk factors to rural and urban residence was determined. A total of 60 type 2 diabetes patients, 30 from the rural community and 30 from the urban community were purposively selected as study population. Information from the study was collected using a semi-structured interview schedule. Food intake was determined using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric data were also collected. data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Results showed that type 2 diabetes risk factors were more prevalent among urban respondents. The relationship of anthropometric risk factors and lifestyle factors to socio-demographic factors were mostly weak. Urban residence was positively associated with a high waist circumference, family history of diabetes, television watching of > 5 hrs/day, past and current smoking, cigarette consumption > 20 sticks/day, alcohol consumption, eating out >5x/wk, daily consumption of soft drink and soft drink intake of > 440 Ml/day. Rural residence was positively associated with overweight, physical activity < 150 minutes/wk, low vegetable intake, low fruit intake, and high fat intake. Obesity was independent of residence community. Urbanization has brought about changes in diet and lifestyle which may have led to a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes risk factors in San Pablo City, Laguna although some risk factors were more prevalent in Majayjay, Laguna. This suggest that the factors which may have contributed to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Majayjay and San Pablo City were not the same. This finding has important implications for targeting efforts to develop and implement specific prevention programs for type 2 diabetes in San Pablo City and in Majayjay.

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